User manual SPSS TABLES 13.0

[. . . ] SPSS Tables 13. 0 TM For more information about SPSS® software products, please visit our Web site at http://www. spss. com or contact SPSS Inc. 233 South Wacker Drive, 11th Floor Chicago, IL 60606-6412 Tel: (312) 651-3000 Fax: (312) 651-3668 SPSS is a registered trademark and the other product names are the trademarks of SPSS Inc. No material describing such software may be produced or distributed without the written permission of the owners of the trademark and license rights in the software and the copyrights in the published materials. Use, duplication, or disclosure by the Government is subject to restrictions as set forth in subdivision (c) (1) (ii) of The Rights in Technical Data and Computer Software clause at 52. 227-7013. [. . . ] (The percentage total is still 100% because all of the percentages are based on the total number of cases used in the table, not the total number of cases in the data file. ) 101 Totals and Subtotals for Categorical Variables Display Position of Totals By default, totals are displayed below the categories being totaled. You can change the display position of totals to show them above the categories being totaled. E Open the table builder (Analyze menu, Tables, Custom Tables). E Right-click on Age category on the canvas pane and select Categories and Totals from the pop-up context menu. E In the Totals and Subgroups Appear group, select Above. E Click Apply and then click OK in the table builder to create the table. Figure 5-5 Total displayed above totaled categories Totals for Nested Tables Since totals can be applied to categorical variables at any level of the nesting, you can create tables that contain group totals at multiple nesting levels. Group Totals Totals for categorical variables nested within other categorical variables represent group totals. E Open the table builder (Analyze menu, Tables, Custom Tables). E Drag and drop Gender to the left of Age category on the canvas pane. 102 Chapter 5 E Right-click on Age category on the canvas pane and select Categories and Totals from the pop-up context menu. Before creating the table, let's move the totals back below the totaled categories. E In the Totals and Subgroups Appear group, select Below. Figure 5-6 Age category nested within Gender in the table builder E Click OK to create the table. 103 Totals and Subtotals for Categorical Variables Figure 5-7 Age category totals within Gender categories The table now displays two group totals: one for males and one for females. Grand Totals Totals applied to nested variables are always group totals, not grand totals. If you want totals for the entire table, you can apply totals to the variable at the outermost nesting level. E Open the table builder again (Analyze menu, Tables, Custom Tables). E Right-click on Gender on the canvas pane and select Categories and Totals from the pop-up context menu. E Select (click) Total in the Categories and Totals dialog box. E Click Apply and then click OK in the table builder to create the table. 104 Chapter 5 Figure 5-8 Grand totals for a nested table Notice that the grand total is only 2, 107, not 2, 828. Two age categories are still excluded from the table, so the cases in those categories are excluded from all totals. Layer Variable Totals Totals for layer variables are displayed as separate layers in the table. E Open the table builder (Analyze menu, Tables, Custom Tables). E Drag and drop Gender from the row area on the canvas pane to the Layers list. 105 Totals and Subtotals for Categorical Variables Figure 5-9 Layer variable in table builder Note: Since you already specified totals for Gender, you don't need to do so now. Moving the variable between dimensions does not affect any of the settings for that variable. E Click OK to create the table. E Click the down arrow in the Layer drop-down list to display a list of all the layers in the table. There are three layers in the table: Gender Male, Gender Female, and Gender Total. 106 Chapter 5 Figure 5-10 Total layer in Layer list in activated pivot table Display Position of Layer Totals For layer variable totals, the display position (above or below) for totals determines the layer position for the totals. For example, if you specify Above for a layer variable total, the total layer is the first layer displayed. Subtotals You can include subtotals for subsets of categories of a variable. For example, you could include subtotals for age categories that represent all of the respondents in the sample survey under and over age 45. E Open the table builder (Analyze menu, Tables, Custom Tables). E In the table builder, drag and drop Age category from the variable list to the Rows area on the canvas pane. E Right-click on Age category on the canvas pane and select Categories and Totals from the pop-up context menu. E Select 3. 00 in the Value(s) list. E In the Label text field next to the Insert button, type Subtotal < 45. 107 Totals and Subtotals for Categorical Variables E Then click Insert. This inserts a row containing the subtotal for the first three age categories. E Select 6. 00 in the Value(s) list. E In the Label text field next to the Insert button, type Subtotal 45+. Figure 5-11 Defining subtotals Important note: You should select the display position for totals and subtotals (Above or Below) before defining any subtotals. [. . . ] If you go back to the 215 Formatting and Customizing Tables original table with just the two categorical variables, you will see that there are, in fact, three cases in this crosstabulated category. There are no valid cases, however, because all three have missing values for the scale variable Hours per day watching TV. Changing the Default TableLook Many of the display properties of pivot tables can be controlled with TableLooks. A wide variety of predefined TableLooks are available, and you can control the default TableLook that determines the display properties applied to pivot tables when they are created. E From the menus, choose: Edit Options. . . Figure 12-14 Changing the default TableLook E Click OK. 216 Chapter 12 E Open the table builder (Analyze menu, Tables, Custom Tables). [. . . ]