User manual ROLAND FP-3 V1.00 MIDI IMPLEMENTATION

[. . . ] No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form without the written permission of ROLAND CORPORATION. 1 qProgram Change Status CnH 2nd bytes ppH qMONO (Controller number 126) Status BnH 2nd byte 7EH 3rd bytes mmH n = MIDI channel number: 0H-FH (ch. 1-ch. 16) pp = Program number: 00H-25H, 3FH (prog. 1-prog. 38, prog. 64) * After a Program Change message is received, the sound will change beginning with the next Note-on. Voices already sounding when the Program Change message was received will not be affected. n = MIDI channel number: 0H-FH (ch. 1-ch. 16) mm = mono number: 00H-10H (0-16) * The same processing will be carried out as when All Sounds Off and All Notes Off is received, and the corresponding channel will be set to Mode 4 (M = 1) regardless of the value of "mono number. " qPitch Bend Change Status EnH 2nd byte llH 3rd bytes mmH qPOLY (Controller number 127) Status BnH 2nd byte 7FH 3rd bytes 00H n = MIDI channel number: 0H-FH (ch. 1-ch. 16) mm, ll = Pitch Bend value: 00 00H - 40 00H - 7F 7FH (-8192 - 0 - +8191) n = MIDI channel number: 0H-FH (ch. 1-ch. 16) * The same processing will be carried out as when All Sounds Off and All Notes Off is received, and the corresponding channel will be set to Mode 3. sChannel Mode Messages qAll Sounds Off (Controller number 120) Status BnH 2nd byte 78H 3rd bytes 00H sSystem Realtime Message qActive Sensing Status FEH * When Active Sensing is received, the unit will begin monitoring the intervals of all further messages. While monitoring, if the interval between messages exceeds 420 ms, the same processing will be carried out as when All Sounds Off, All Notes Off and Reset All Controllers are received, and message interval monitoring will be halted. n = MIDI channel number: 0H-FH (ch. 1-ch. 16) * When this message is received, all currently-sounding notes on the corresponding channel will be turned off immediately. qReset All Controllers (Controller number 121) Status BnH 2nd byte 79H 3rd bytes 00H sSystem Exclusive Message Status F0H Data byte iiH, ddH, . . . . . . , eeH Status F7H n = MIDI channel number: 0H-FH (ch. 1-ch. 16) * When this message is received, the following controllers will be set to their reset values. Reset value +-0 (Center) 127 (max) 0 (off) 0 (off) 0 (off) unset; previously set data will not change Controller Pitch Bend Change Expression Hold 1 Sostenuto Soft RPN F0H: System Exclusive Message status ii = ID number: an ID number (manufacturer ID) to indicate the manufacturer whose Exclusive message this is. [. . . ] 0H 01H 02H 03H 04H 05H 06H 07H 08H 09H 0AH 0BH 0CH 0DH 0EH 0FH 10H 11H 12H 13H 14H 15H 16H 17H 18H 19H 1AH 1BH 1CH 1DH 1EH 1FH Dec. 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 69 60 61 62 63 Hex. 20H 21H 22H 23H 24H 25H 26H 27H 28H 29H 2AH 2BH 2CH 2DH 2EH 2FH 30H 31H 32H 33H 34H 35H 36H 37H 38H 39H 3AH 3BH 3CH 3DH 3EH 3FH Dec. 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 Hex. 40H 41H 42H 43H 44H 45H 46H 47H 48H 49H 4AH 4BH 4CH 4DH 4EH 4FH 50H 51H 52H 53H 54H 55H 56H 57H 58H 59H 5AH 5BH 5CH 5DH 5EH 5FH Dec. 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 Hex. 60H 61H 62H 63H 64H 65H 66H 67H 68H 69H 6AH 6BH 6CH 6DH 6EH 6FH 70H 71H 72H 73H 74H 75H 76H 77H 78H 79H 7AH 7BH 7CH 7DH 7EH 7FH qExamples of actual MIDI messages <Example1> 92 3E 5F 9n is the Note-on status, and n is the MIDI channel number. Since 2H = 2, 3EH = 62, and 5FH = 95, this is a Note-on message with MIDI CH = 3, note number 62 (note name is D4), and velocity 95. <Example2> CE 24 CnH is the Program Change status, and n is the MIDI channel number. Since EH = 14 and 24H = 36, this is a Program Change message with MIDI CH = 15, program number 37 (Flute in FP-3). <Example3> EA 00 28 EnH is the Pitch Bend Change status, and n is the MIDI channel number. The 2nd byte (00H = 0) is the LSB and the 3rd byte (28H = 40) is the MSB, but Pitch Bend Value is a signed number in which 40 00H (= 64 x 128 + 0 = 8192) is 0, so this Pitch Bend Value is 28 00H - 40 00H = 40 x 128 + 0 - (64 x 128 + 0) = 5120 - 8192 = -3072 If the Pitch Bend Sensitivity is set to 2 semitones, -8192 (00 00H) will cause the pitch to change -200 cents, so in this case -200 x (-3072) / (-8192) = -75 cents of Pitch Bend is being applied to MIDI channel 11. <Example4> B3 64 00 65 00 06 0C 26 00 64 7F 65 7F BnH is the Control Change status, and n is the MIDI channel number. For Control Changes, the 2nd byte is the control number, and the 3rd byte is the value. In a case in which two or more messages consecutive messages have the same status, MIDI has a provision called "running status" which allows the status byte of the second and following messages to b e omitted. B3 64 00 (B3) 65 00 (B3) 06 0C (B3) 26 00 (B3) 64 7F (B3) 65 7F MIDI ch. 4, lower byte of RPN parameter number: 00H (MIDI ch. 4) upper byte of RPN parameter number: 00H (MIDI ch. 4) upper byte of parameter value: 0CH (MIDI ch. 4) lower byte of parameter value: 00H (MIDI ch. 4) lower byte of RPN parameter number: 7FH (MIDI ch. 4) upper byte of RPN parameter number: 7FH In other words, the above messages specify a value of 0C 00H for RPN parameter number 00 00H on MIDI channel 4, and then set the RPN parameter number to 7F 7FH. RPN parameter number 00 00H is Pitch Bend Sensitivity, and the MSB of the value indicates semitone units, so a value of 0CH = 12 sets the maximum pitch bend range to ±12 semitones (1 octave). Once the parameter number has been specified for the RPN, all Data Entry messages transmitted on that same channel will be valid, so after the desired value has been transmitted, it is a good idea to set the parameter number to 7F 7FH to prevent accidents. It is not desirable for performance data (such as Standard MIDI File data) to contain many events with running status as given in <Example 4>. This is because if playback is halted during the song and then rewound or fast-forwarded, the sequencer may not be able to transmit the correct status, and the sound source will then misinterpret the data. It is also necessary that the RPN parameter number setting and the value setting be done in the proper order. On some sequencers, events occurring in the same (or consecutive) clock may be transmitted in an order different than the order in which they were received. For this reason it is a good idea to slightly skew the time of each event (about 1 tick for TPQN = 96, and about 5 ticks for TPQN = 480). * TPQN: Ticks Per Quarter Note * * Decimal values such as MIDI channel, bank select, and program change are listed as one (1) greater than the values given in the above table. For data where greater precision is required, we must use two or more bytes. [. . . ] +------- Tone group number | +---- Page Number || 1-1 rTone groups number as follows, 1: Piano 2: E. Piano 3: Organ 4: Guitar/Bass 5: Strings/Pad 6: Voice/Winds q MIDI Out Mode You can select the MIDI data that will be output when you make tone changes on the FP-3's panel. Additionally, performance data that has been recorded on the FP-3 can be sent out from the MIDI Out connector. Please refer to the Owner's Manual for information on setting the MIDI Out Mode. rMIDI Out Mode 1: The MIDI messages shown below are output when you perform a tone change on the FP-3. This setting is suitable when connecting a sequencer, and recording/playing performances. [. . . ]