User manual ROLAND BX-400

[. . . ] When the program change is received through the basic channel, the tone of this channel part and the tone selected by the panel shall be changed to the designated tone. n = MIDI channel number: 0H-FH (ch. 1-ch. 16) * When All Notes Off is received, all notes on the corresponding channel will be turned off. However if Hold 1 is ON, the sound will be continued until these are turned off. qOMNI OFF (Controller number 124) Status BnH 2nd byte 7CH 3rd byte 00H n = MIDI channel number: 0H-FH (ch. 1-ch. 16) * The same processing will be carried out as when All Notes Off is received. qOMNI ON (Controller number 125) Status BnH 2nd byte 7DH 3rd byte 00H n = MIDI channel number: 0H-FH (ch. 1-ch. 16) * The same processing will be carried out as when All Notes Off is received. qMONO (Controller number 126) Status BnH 2nd byte 7EH 3rd byte mmH n = MIDI channel number: 0H-FH (ch. 1-ch. 16) mm = mono number: 00H-10H (0-16) * The same processing will be carried out as when All Notes Off is received. qPOLY (Controller number 127) Status BnH 2nd byte 7FH 3rd byte 00H n = MIDI channel number: 0H-FH (ch. 1-ch. 16) * The same processing will be carried out as when All Notes Off is received. sSystem Realtime Message qActive Sensing Status FEH * When Active Sensing is received, the unit will begin monitoring the intervals of all further messages. While monitoring, if the interval between messages exceeds 380 ms, the same processing will be carried out as when All Notes Off and Reset All Controllers are received, and message interval monitoring will be halted. * sChannel Mode Messages qReset All Controllers (Controller number 121) Status BnH 2nd byte 79H 3rd byte 00H sSystem Exclusive Message Status F0H Data byte iiH, ddH, . . . . . . , eeH Status F7H n = MIDI channel number: 0H-FH (ch. 1-ch. 16) * When this message is received, the following controllers will be set to their reset values. [. . . ] ID numbers 7EH and 7FH are extensions of the MIDI standard; Universal Non-realtime Messages (7EH) and Universal Realtime Messages (7FH). dd, . . . , ee = data: 00H-7FH (0-127) F7H: EOX (End Of Exclusive) The System Exclusive Messages received by the BX-400 are; Universal Non-realtime System Exclusive messages, and Data Set (DT1). qLocal Control Status BnH BnH 2nd byte 7BH 7AH 3rd byte 00H vvH n=MIDI channel number: 0H - FH (ch. 1 - ch. 16) vv=Value: 00H, 7FH (0, 127) 0=OFF 127=ON 2 qUniversal Non-realtime System Exclusive Messages rIdentity Request Message Status F0H Byte FOH 7FH dev 06H 01H F7H * * Data byte Status 7FH, dev, 06H, 01H F7H Explanation Exclusive status ID number (universal non-realtime message) Device ID (dev: UNIT#-1) Sub ID#1 (General Information) Sub ID#2 (Identity Request) EOX (End Of Exclusive) qControl Change * The value specified by a Control Change message will not be reset even by a Program Change, etc. rData Entry (Controller number 6, 38) Status BnH BnH 2nd byte 06H 26H 3rd byte mmH llH n = MIDI channel number: 0H-FH (ch. 1-ch. 16) mm, ll = the value of the parameter specified by RPN * Data Entry is sent through the basic channel. The "dev" is own device number (UNIT#-1) or 7FH (Broadcast). UNIT# is always the same as the current basic channel. rHold 1 (Controller number 64) Status BnH 2nd byte 40H 3rd byte vvH qData transmission BX-400 can transmit and receive the various parameters using System Exclusive messages. The exclusive message of BX-400 data has a model ID of 1AH, and device ID is defined by MIDI UNIT NUMBER. UNIT NUMBER is always the same as the current basic channel. n = MIDI channel number: 0H-FH (ch. 1-ch. 16) vv = Control value: 00H, 7FH (0, 127) 0 = OFF, 127 = ON rRPN MSB/LSB (Controller number 100, 101) Status BnH BnH 2nd byte 65H 64H 3rd byte mmH llH rData set 1 (DT1) This is the message that actually performs data transmission, and is used when you wish to transmit the data. Status F0H Byte F0H 41H dev 1AH 12H aaH bbH ccH sum F7H * * * Data byte 41H, dev, 1AH, 12H, aaH, bbH, ccH, sum Status F7H n = MIDI channel number: 0H-FH (ch. 1-ch. 16) mm = upper byte of parameter number specified by RPN ll = lower byte of parameter number specified by RPN * RPN is sent through the basic channel. Explanation Exclusive status ID number (Roland) Device ID (dev: UNIT#-1) Model ID (BX-400) Command ID (DT1) Address MSB: upper byte of the starting address of the transmitted data Address LSB: lower byte of the starting address of the transmitted data Data: the actual data to be transmitted. Checksum EOX (End Of Exclusive) **RPN** BX-400 can transmit Master fine tuning (RPN #1) and RPN null. After sending the master fine tune, immediately the RPN Null shall be sent. RPN MSB LSB 00H 01H 7FH 7FH Data entry MSB LSB mmH llH --- --- Explanation Master Fine Tuning mm, ll: 20 00H - 40 00H - 5F 7FH (-50 - 0 - +49. 99 cents) RPN null qProgram Change Status CnH 2nd byte ppH If "Data Set 1" is transmitted successively, there must be an interval of at least 40 ms between packets. Since 2H = 2, 3EH = 62, and 5FH = 95, this is a Note-on message with MIDI CH = 3, note number 62 (note name is D4), and velocity 95. <Example 2> CE 05 CnH is the Program Change status, and n is the MIDI channel number. Since EH = 14 and 05H = 05, this is a Program Change message with MIDI CH = 15, program number 05 (Celesta in BX-400). <Example 3> B3 64 00 65 01 06 40 26 00 64 7F 65 7F BnH is the Control Change status, and n is the MIDI channel number. For Control Changes, the 2nd byte is the control number, and the 3rd byte is the value. In a case in which two or more messages consecutive messages have the same status, MIDI has a provision called "running status" which allows the status byte of the second and following messages to be omitted. B3 64 00 (B3) 65 01 (B3) 06 40 (B3) 26 00 (B3) 64 7F (B3) 65 7F MIDI ch. 4, lower byte of RPN parameter number: 00H (MIDI ch. 4) upper byte of RPN parameter number: 01H (MIDI ch. 4) upper byte of parameter value: 40H (MIDI ch. 4) lower byte of parameter value: 00H (MIDI ch. 4) lower byte of RPN parameter number: 7FH (MIDI ch. 4) upper byte of RPN parameter number: 7FH qDecimal and Hexadecimal table In MIDI documentation, data values and addresses/sizes of exclusive messages etc. +------------+--------------++--------------+--------------++--------------+--------------++--------------+--------------+ | Dec. | Hex. || Dec. | Hex. || Dec. | Hex. || Dec. | Hex. | +------------+--------------++--------------+--------------++--------------+--------------++--------------+--------------+ | 0| 00H || 32 | 20H || 64 | 40H || 96 | 60H | | 1| 01H || 33 | 21H || 65 | 41H || 97 | 61H | | 2| 02H || 34 | 22H || 66 | 42H || 98 | 62H | | 3| 03H || 35 | 23H || 67 | 43H || 99 | 63H | | 4| 04H || 36 | 24H || 68 | 44H || 100 | 64H | | 5| 05H || 37 | 25H || 69 | 45H || 101 | 65H | | 6| 06H || 38 | 26H || 70 | 46H || 102 | 66H | | 7| 07H || 39 | 27H || 71 | 47H || 103 | 67H | | 8| 08H || 40 | 28H || 72 | 48H || 104 | 68H | | 9| 09H || 41 | 29H || 73 | 49H || 105 | 69H | | 10 | 0AH || 42 | 2AH || 74 | 4AH || 106 | 6AH | | 11 | 0BH || 43 | 2BH || 75 | 4BH || 107 | 6BH | | 12 | 0CH || 44 | 2CH || 76 | 4CH || 108 | 6CH | | 13 | 0DH || 45 | 2DH || 77 | 4DH || 109 | 6DH | | 14 | 0EH || 46 | 2EH || 78 | 4EH || 110 | 6EH | | 15 | 0FH || 47 | 2FH || 79 | 4FH || 111 | 6FH | | 16 | 10H || 48 | 30H || 80 | 50H || 112 | 70H | | 17 | 11H || 49 | 31H || 81 | 51H || 113 | 71H | | 18 | 12H || 50 | 32H || 82 | 52H || 114 | 72H | | 19 | 13H || 51 | 33H || 83 | 53H || 115 | 73H | | 20 | 14H || 52 | 34H || 84 | 54H || 116 | 74H | | 21 | 15H || 53 | 35H || 85 | 55H || 117 | 75H | | 22 | 16H || 54 | 36H || 86 | 56H || 118 | 76H | | 23 | 17H || 55 | 37H || 87 | 57H || 119 | 77H | | 24 | 18H || 56 | 38H || 88 | 58H || 120 | 78H | | 25 | 19H || 57 | 39H || 89 | 59H || 121 | 79H | | 26 | 1AH || 58 | 3AH || 90 | 5AH || 122 | 7AH | | 27 | 1BH || 59 | 3BH || 91 | 5BH || 123 | 7BH | | 28 | 1CH || 60 | 3CH || 92 | 5CH || 124 | 7CH | | 29 | 1DH || 61 | 3DH || 93 | 5DH || 125 | 7DH | | 30 | 1EH || 62 | 3EH || 94 | 5EH || 126 | 7EH | | 31 | 1FH || 63 | 3FH || 95 | 5FH || 127 | 7FH | +------------+--------------++--------------+--------------++--------------+--------------++--------------+--------------+ In other words, the above messages specify a value of 40 00H for RPN parameter number 00 01H on MIDI channel 4, and then set the RPN parameter number to 7F 7FH (RPN null). Once the parameter number has been specified for RPN, all Data Entry messages transmitted on that same channel will be valid, so after the desired value has been transmitted, it is a good idea to set the parameter number to 7F 7FH to prevent accidents. [. . . ] This is the reason for the (B3) 64 7F (B3) 65 7F at the end. 5 qExample of an Exclusive message and calculating a Checksum Roland Exclusive messages (DT1) are transmitted with a checksum at the end (before F7) to make sure that the message was correctly received. The value of the checksum is determined by the address and data of the transmitted exclusive message. rHow to calculate the checksum (hexadecimal numbers are indicated by `H') The checksum is a value derived by adding the address, size and checksum itself and inverting the lower 7 bits. We will assume that in the exclusive message we are transmitting, the address is aa bb and the data or size is ccH. [. . . ]