User manual HANNA INSTRUMENTS HI 902

[. . . ] INSTRUCTION MANUAL HI 901 / HI 902 AUTOMATIC TITRATOR 2003 Nov 12, 15:44:31 rant NaOH Tit Conc. N (eq/L) 0 RPM 1300/130 0. 000 Standard No Result trode ize Elec Volume Endpoint Select Method Method Options Burette pH pH/mV NaOH 0. 1 M ATC General Options TABLE O. INTRODUCTION SETUP USER INTER. ACE GENERAL OPTIONS METHODS TITRATION MODE pH & mV MODE AUXILIARY . UNCTIONS MAINTENANCE, PERIPHERALS Appendix 1. ACCESSORIES Dear customer, Thank you for choosing a Hanna Instruments Product. [. . . ] Determination of the titrant concentration is based on the primary standard volume (in milliliters). The titrator will perform the calculation based on the titrant unit selected. Generic . ormula This option allows the user to define their own calculation formula of the final analyte concentration in a solid or liquid sample. The variables can be set to reach any final result from the list below: ppt (g/Kg) (parts per thousand; grams/kilogram) ppt (g/L) (parts per thousand; grams/liter) ppm (parts per million; milligrams/kilogram) ppm (mg/L) (parts per million; milligrams/liter) ppb (parts per billion; micrograms/kilogram) ppb (µg/L) (parts per billion; micrograms/liter) % = g/100 g (percentage in weight; grams/100 grams) M (mol/L) (Molarity; moles/liter) mg/g (milligrams/gram) N (eq/L) (Normality; equivalences/liter) mg/Kg (milligrams/kilogram) mg/L (milligrams/liter) mol/Kg (moles/kilogram) µg/L (micrograms/liter) mmol/g (millimoles/gram) eq/Kg (equivalences/kilogram) mmol/L (millimoles/liter) meq/Kg (milliequivalences/kilogram) mg/mL (milligrams/milliliter) g/100 mL (grams/100 milliliters) 5-31 METHODS eq/L meq/L (equivalences/liter) (milliequivalences/liter) The formula can be used either for titrant standardization or for sample analysis. C*V*. 1*. 2*. 3 S Where: C . 1 . 2 . 3 S V = the concentration of the titrant = general factor = general factor = general factor = sample size, in grams or milliliters = the volume delivered, in liters, to reach the preset or equivalence end point (determined by the titrator) 5-32 METHODS Titrant Concentration: The units for titrant concentration can be: mol/L (concentration unit of titrant) eq/L (concentration unit of titrant) g/L (concentration unit of titrant) mg/L (concentration unit of titrant) One of the general factors should be used as a stoichiometric factor, the other as unit conversion factor and the third as weight conversion factor. Chemical combination factor: The chemical combination factor is the chemical combination ratio between the analyte and titrant or standard and titrant. In the particular case that the combination ratio is expressed in moles, this factor is called the stoichiometric factor. This factor can be one of the following: mol/mol (moles of sample/moles of titrant) mol/eq (moles of sample/equivalence of titrant) eq/mol (equivalences of sample/moles of titrant) mol/mol (moles of titrant/moles of standard) eq/mol (equivalences of titrant/moles of standard) Examples: 2 moles of NaOH react with 1 mole of H2SO4 Unit Conversion factor: Used to convert between various measurement units. Examples: L/1000 > mL g/1000 > mg Weight Conversion factor: Used to convert between weight measurement bases (Kg, g, mg, µg or mole, mmole). Example: g > mol 5-33 METHODS 5. 5. 11. 2 Back Titrations (HI 902 only) Sample Calculations by Weight When choosing this formula, select the titrant 1 unit, the titrant 2 unit and then the final result unit. 5-34 METHODS If the titrant 1 unit is selected as M (mol/L), titrant 2 unit is selected as M (mol/L) and the final result unit as mg/g (milligrams/gram) the following formula is used to calculate the amount of titrant 1 (used in the first stage of back titration or direct titration) and will be as follows: The formula is based on an approximation: the sample concentration is 100% w/w. With this approximation, the titrator will calculate the volume of titrant 1 needed to consume the sample and multiply it with an excess factor in order to raise or to lower the amount of titrant 1 dispensed. Some variables can be set according to the amount of sample and titrant 1 used. When the parameters from the formula are set, press to proceed with the next formula used in the back titration algorithm. Volume formula, then from the View / Modify Method screen: highlight the Titrant 1 Entry option, press . highlight . ixed Weight or Volume option and press , you will be prompted to type the volume of titrant 1 to be dispensed in the first stage of back titration. This formula is used to calculate the remaining volume of titrant 1 after the reaction with the sample. 5-35 METHODS In order to calculate this volume, the remaining titrant 1 volume is titrated (pH/mV equivalence point titration) with titrant 2. After the excess volume of titrant 1 is calculated, the following formula is used to calculate the exact volume of titrant 1 that was consumed by the sample: V1 = V1tot V1excess When all the parameters are set, press Concentration formula: to proceed with the Calculating Sample Sample Calculations by Volume When choosing formula, follow these steps: . irst select the titrant 1 unit 5-36 METHODS Select the titrant 2 unit Select the final result unit The titrator will provide the calculation based on the titrants and sample units selected. After you have selected the titrant 1, titrant 2 and the final result units the titrator will display a screen with a formula used to calculate the amount of titrant 1 (used in the first stage of back titration). 5-37 METHODS This calculation formula is used as an approximation of the sample concentration (sample max conc. ). This formula can be used when we have an expected sample concentration (eg. If we dont have an expected sample concentration, then from the View/Modify Method screen: . highlight the Titrant 1 Entry option, by pressing highlight . ixed By User option and press , you will be prompted to type the volume of titrant 1 to be dispensed in the first stage of the back titration. With this approximation, the titrator will calculate the volume of titrant 1 needed to consume the sample and multiply it by an excess factor in order to raise or to lower the amount of titrant 1 dispensed. [. . . ] A4-8 A4-1 APPENDIX 4 A4-2 APPENDIX 4 A4 A4. 1 A4. 1. 1 HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI ACCESSORIES Solutions pH Calibration Solutions > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > pH pH pH pH pH pH pH pH pH pH pH pH pH pH pH pH 4. 01 Buffer Solution, 20 mL 4. 01 & 7. 01 Buffer Solution, 20 mL each 4. 01 Buffer Solution, 230 mL 4. 01 Buffer Solution, 500 mL 6. 86 Buffer Solution, 230 mL 6. 86 Buffer Solution, 500 mL 7. 01 Buffer Solution, 20 mL 7. 01 Buffer Solution, 230 mL 7. 01 Buffer Solution, 500 mL 9. 18 Buffer Solution, 230 mL 9. 18 Buffer Solution, 500 mL 10. 01 & 7. 01 Buffer Solution, 20 mL each 10. 01 Buffer Solution, 230 mL 10. 01 Buffer Solution, 500 mL 1. 68 Buffer Solution, 230 mL 1. 68 Buffer Solution, 500 mL 70004C 77400C 7004M 7004L 7006M 7006L 70007C 7007M 7007L 7009M 7009L 770710C 7010M 7010L 7001M 7001L A4. 1. 2 HI HI HI HI HI 8004L 8006L 8007L 8009L 8010L pH Calibration Solutions in . DA Approved Bottle > > > > > pH pH pH pH pH 4. 01 Buffer Solution, 500 mL 6. 86 Buffer Solution, 500 mL 7. 01 Buffer Solution, 500 mL 9. 18 Buffer Solution, 500 mL 10. 01 Buffer Solution, 500 mL A4. 1. 3 HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI 7061M 7061L 7073M 7073L 7074M 7074L 7077M 7077L Electrode Cleaning Solutions > > > > > > > > General Purpose Solution, 230 mL General Purpose Solution, 460 mL Protein Cleaning Solution, 230 mL Protein Cleaning Solution, 460 mL Inorganic Cleaning Solution, 230 mL Inorganic Cleaning Solution, 460 mL Oil & . at Cleaning Solution, 230 mL Oil & . at Cleaning Solution, 460 mL A4-3 APPENDIX 4 A4. 1. 4 HI HI HI HI HI HI 8061M 8061L 8073M 8073L 8077M 8077L Electrode Cleaning Solutions in . DA Approved Bottle > > > > > > General Purpose Solution, 230 mL General Purpose Solution, 460 mL Protein Cleaning Solution, 230 mL Protein Cleaning Solution, 460 mL Oil & . at Cleaning Solution, 230 mL Oil & . at Cleaning Solution, 460 mL A4. 1. 5 Electrode Storage Solutions > > Storage Solution, 230 mL Storage Solution, 460 mL HI 70300M HI 70300L A4. 1. 6 Electrode Storage Solutions in . DA Approved Bottle HI 80300M HI 80300L > > Storage Solution, 230 mL Storage Solution, 460 mL A4. 1. 7 HI 7071 HI 7072 HI 7082 Refilling Electrolyte Solutions > > > 3. 5M KCl + AgCl Electrolyte, 30 mL, for single junction electrodes 1M KNO3 Electrolyte, 30 mL 3. 5M KCl Electrolyte, 30 mL, for double junction electrodes A4. 1. 8 HI 8071 HI 8072 HI 8082 Refilling Electrolyte Solutions in . DA Approved Bottle > > > 3. 5M KCl + AgCl Electrolyte, 30 mL, for single junction electrodes 1M KNO3 Electrolyte, 30 mL 3. 5M KCl Electrolyte, 30 mL, for double junction electrodes A4. 1. 9 HI HI HI HI 7091M 7091L 7092M 7092L ORP Pretreatment Solutions > > > > Reducing Reducing Oxidizing Oxidizing Pretreatment Pretreatment Pretreatment Pretreatment Solution, Solution, Solution, Solution, 230 460 230 460 mL mL mL mL A4. 1. 10 Titration Reagents HI HI HI HI HI HI HI HI 70455 70456 70457 70458 70459 70462 70463 70464 > > > > > > > > 0. 01 N NaOH Titration Reagent, 1 L 0. 1 N NaOH Titration Reagent, 1 L 1 N NaOH Titration Reagent, 1 L 0. 01 MH2SO4 Titration Reagent, 1 L 0. 05 MH2SO4 Titration Reagent, 1 L 0. 01 N HCl Titration Reagent, 1 L 0. 1 N HCl Titration Reagent, 1 L 1 N HCl Titration Reagent, 1 L A4-4 APPENDIX 4 A4. 2 Sensors A4. 2. 1 pH Electrodes HI 1043B / HI 1040S Glass-body, double junction, refillable, combination pH electrode. HI 1053B / HI 1050S Glass-body, triple ceramic, conic shape, refillable, combination pH electrode. HI 1083B Glass-body, micro, Viscolene, nonrefillable, combination pH electrode. HI 1131B / HI 1111S Glass-body, single junction, refillable, combination pH electrode. [. . . ]