User manual HANNA INSTRUMENTS C 215

[. . . ] Instruction Manual C 215 HI 83215 Grow Master Basic for Nutrient Analyses MANC215R6 01/05 w w w . h a n n a i n s t . c o m www. hannainst. com This Instrument is in Compliance with the CE Directives Dear Customer, Thank you for choosing a Hanna product. This manual will provide you with the necessary information for the correct use of the instrument. If you need additional technical information, do not hesitate to e-mail us at tech@hannainst. com. These instruments are in compliance with directives. HANNA LITERATURE Hanna publishes a wide range of catalogs and handbooks for an equally wide range of applications. [. . . ] Plants take up phosphorus in the form of phosphate ion (PO43-). PRESENT IN ACTION x 1 0 · Add the content of one packet of HI 93706B-0 Phosphorus Reagent B (Amino Acid) to the cuvet. Replace the cap and shake gently until dissolution is complete. SHORTAGE EFFECTS EXCESS EFFECTS · Reinsert the cuvet into the instrument. DNA and RNA, ATP, ADP · stimulates the roots growth · stimulates blooming · stimulates fecundation and ripeness · strengthens the plant tissues · is necessary in the formation of seeds · delayed ripening · slower growth · small leaves · decrease of production (smaller fruits and difficult seeds formation) · reduction of root system · premature ripening · excess of fruit-setting · negative effects on the absorption of some microelements such as iron, zinc, boron and copper POTASSIUM · Press TIMER and the display will show the countdown prior to the measurement or, alternatively, wait for 5 minutes and press READ DIRECT. The problem of lack of potassium is quite frequent in calcareous soils. Potassium is absorbed as K+. PRESENT IN ACTION tissues responsible for the growth of plants (primary and secondary meristems), embryos and cell vacuole · improves the quality of fruits and flowers · gives more resistance both to frost and to diseases caused by fungi (increases the cuticular thickness) · regulates the cellular turgidity (helps to regulate the osmotic processes and increases the resistance to dryness) · regulates the stomatic opening and closing (it means a strong influence on transpiration and photosynthesis) · slower growth · smaller fruits, less colored and less preserved · increase of transpiration · less resistance to the cold · The instrument directly displays concentration in mg/L of phosphorus on the Liquid Crystal Display. · To convert the reading to mg/L of phosphate (PO43­), multiply by a factor of 3. 07. INTERFERENCES Calcium above 10000 mg/L as CaCO3 Chloride above 150000 mg/L as Cl­ Ferrous iron above 100 mg/L Magnesium above 40000 mg/L as CaCO3 Sulfide Phosphorus HR SHORTAGE EFFECTS 38 15 EXCESS EFFECTS · reduced absorption of calcium and magnesium · increase of water consumption · increase of the substrate salinity PHOSPHORUS HIGH RANGE SPECIFICATIONS Range Resolution Accuracy Typical EMC Dev. Light Source Method 0 to 100 mg/L 1 mg/L ±5 mg/L ±4% of reading ±1 mg/L Tungsten lamp with narrow band interference filter @ 525 nm Adaptation of the Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 18th edition, Amino Acid method. The reaction between phosphorus and reagents causes a blue tint in the sample. Description Molybdate Amino Acid Powder Quantity 10 drops 1 packet IRRIGATION WATER (LOW RANGE) In agricultural areas it is quite common to find altered values in the chemical composition of irrigation waters. The problem concerns mostly the high nitrate concentration, usually determined by excessive fertilization or irrational liquid manure spreading. The analysis of irrigation waters allows us to find out which are the substances present in major or minor quantity and to organize an advantageous fertilization plan. For example, if the quantity of water utilized for crop cultivation is 250 mm/ha (= 2500000 L/ha) and the nitrate (NO3-) concentration is 150 mg/L (34 mg/L as nitrate-nitrogen NO3-N), soil receives 85 kg/ ha of nitrogen. In choosing type and quantity of fertilizer to be used, it is important to consider this information, in order not to waste fertilizer nor to induce soil pollution. REQUIRED REAGENTS Code HI 93706A-0 HI 93706B-0 REAGENT SETS HI 93706-01 Reagents for 100 tests HI 93706-03 Reagents for 300 tests For other accessories see page 48. NUTRIENTS SOLUTIONS (MEDIUM AND HIGH RANGE) The nutrients requirements of the plants are determined by the type of plant, its age and the environmental conditions. The control of chemical composition of nutrients solutions given to the plants is an operation that allows a correct preparation of the fertilizer. In analyzing the solution, it is possible to choose between medium range and high range values, depending on the concentration of substances. Medium range usually covers the analysis of residual solutions in recycling systems. The nutritive elements are differently absorbed by the plants, hence the nutrient solution loses substances, becomes impoverished and must be enriched. High range normally corresponds to the typical values of nutrients solutions. It is therefore possible to verify that the solution given to the plants contains the correct quantities of nutritive substances. MEASUREMENT PROCEDURE Note: for sample preparation follow the NUTRIENTS SOLUTION (HR) procedure at page 19. · Select the program number corresponding to Phosphorus HR on the secondary LCD by pressing PROGRAM M and L. · Fill the cuvet with 10 mL of unreacted sample (up to the mark) and replace the cap. · Place the cuvet into the holder and ensure that the notch on the cap is positioned securely into the groove. · Press ZERO and "SIP" will blink on the display. m L 1 0 16 37 Phosphorus HR · Wait for a few seconds and the display will show "-0. 0-". [. . . ] · Reinsert the cuvet into the instrument, taking care not to shake it. · Press TIMER and the display will show the countdown prior to the measurement or, alternatively, wait for 4 minutes and 30 seconds and press READ DIRECT. In both cases "SIP" will blink during measurement. AMMONIA HIGH RANGE SPECIFICATIONS Range Resolution Accuracy Typical EMC Deviation Light Source Method 0 to 100 mg/L 1 mg/L ±1 mg/L ±4% of reading ±1 mg/L Tungsten lamp with narrow band interference filter @ 420 nm Adaptation of the ASTM Manual of Water and Environmental Technology, D1426-92, Nessler method. The reaction between ammonia and reagents causes a yellow tint in the sample. [. . . ]