User manual FURUNO FAP-50 OPERATORS MANUAL

[. . . ] Note: If the antenna unit is installed at a close distance in front of the wheel house, your administration may require halt of transmission within a certain sector of antenna revolution. Ask your FURUNO representative or dealer to provide this feature. Distance to Distance to 100 W/m2 10 W/m2 point point 0. 80 m 0. 40 m 0. 20 m 0. 30 m 0. 10 m -11. 20 m 8. 60 m 5. 80 m 4. 20 m 3. 00 m 2. 40 m Model3 FAR-2827/2127 FAR-2827/2127 FAR-2827/2127 FAR-2817/2117 FAR-2817/2117 FAR-2817/2117 FAR-2137S FAR-2137S FAP-50 FAP-50 FAR-2837S FAR-2837S FAR-2837SW FAR-2837SW 1 XN12AF: 4 ft TR unit RTR-079 RTR-079 RTR-079 RTR-078 RTR-078 RTR-078 RTR-080 RTR-080 RTR-081 RTR-081 RTR-080 RTR-080 RTR-082 RTR-082 Magnetron MG5436 MG5436 MG5436 MG40102 MG40102 MG40102 MG5223F MG5223F MG5436 MG5436 MG5223F MG5223F MG5223F MG5223F Antenna1 XN12AF XN20AF XN24AF XN12AF XN20AF XN24AF SN30AF SN36AF XN20AF XN24AF SN30AF SN36AF SN30AF SN36AF SN30AF: 10 ft 2 Or MAF1425B XN20AF: 6. 5 ft SN36AF: 12 ft XN24AF: 8 ft 3 FAR-2117/2127/2137S available in blackbox configuration. i SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS WARNING ELECTRICAL SHOCK HAZARD Do not open the equipment. Post a warning sign near the switch indicating it should not be turned on while the antenna unit is being serviced. Prevent the potential risk of being struck by the rotating antenna and exposure to RF radiation hazard. [. . . ] RADAR OPERATION 1. 51 Switching Hub HB-100 (option) The HB-100 provides switching for a card interface unit and multiple processor units (max. LEDs display link/activity, mode (full-duplex or half-duplex) and collision statuses. LED display The LEDs on the top of the unit light, flash or go off according to equipment status. When the equipment is powered all LEDs light and then go off. LEDs Switching Hub HUB-100 LED status and meaning LED Power Link/Act Lit Off Lit Off Flashing Lit Off Flashing Lit Off Status Meaning Equipment powered Equipment off Connection with terminal normal Connection with terminal disconnected Data TX or RX Full-duplex Half-duplex Collision 100Mbps connection 10Mbps connection FDx/Col 100M 1-95 1. RADAR OPERATION (This page intentionally left blank. ) 1-96 2 2. 1 2. 1. 1 RADAR OBSERVATION General Minimum and maximum ranges Minimum range The minimum range is defined by the shortest distance at which, using a scale of 1. 5 or 0. 75 nm, a target having an echoing area of 10 m2 is still shown separate from the point representing the antenna position. It is mainly dependent on the pulselength, antenna height, and signal processing such as main bang suppression and digital quantization. It is a good practice to use a shorter range scale as far as it gives favorable definition or clarity of picture. The IMO Resolution MSC. 64(67) Annex 4 (Shipborne radar) and A. 820: 1995 (High Speed Craft Radar) require the minimum range to be less than 50 m and 35 m, respectively. Maximum range The maximum detecting range of the radar, Rmax, varies considerably depending on several factors such as the height of the antenna above the waterline, the height of the target above the sea, the size, shape and material of the target, and the atmospheric conditions. Under normal atmospheric conditions, the maximum range is equal to the radar horizon or a little shorter. The radar horizon is longer than the optical one by about 6% because of the diffraction property of the radar signal. Multiple echoes Multiple echoes occur when a transmitted pulse returns from a solid object like a large ship, bridge, or breakwater. A second, a third or more echoes may be observed on the display at double, triple or other multiples of the actual range of the target as shown below. Multiple reflection echoes can be reduced and often removed by decreasing the gain (sensitivity) or properly adjusting the A/C SEA control. True echo Target Own ship Multiple echo Multiple echoes Sidelobe echoes Every time the radar pulse is transmitted, some radiation escapes on each side of the beam, called "sidelobes. " If a target exists where it can be detected by the side lobes as well as the main lobe, the side echoes may be represented on both sides of the true echo at the same range. They can be reduced through careful reduction of the gain or proper adjustment of the A/C SEA control. Target A Target B (Spurious) Target B (True) Sidelobe echoes 2-3 2. RADAR OBSERVATION Virtual image A relatively large target close to your ship may be represented at two positions on the screen. One of them is the true echo directly reflected by the target and the other is a false echo which is caused by the mirror effect of a large object on or close to your ship as shown in the figure below. If your ship comes close to a large metal bridge, for example, such a false echo may temporarily be seen on the screen. Target ship Own ship True echo Mirror image of target ship False echo Virtual image Shadow sectors (see above right) Funnels, stacks, masts, or derricks in the path of the antenna block the radar beam. If the angle subtended at the antenna is more than a few degrees, a non-detecting sector may be produced. Within this sector targets can not be detected. Radar antenna Radar mast Shadow sector Shadow sectors 2-4 2. RADAR OBSERVATION 2. 3 2. 3. 1 SART (Search and Rescue Transponder) SART description A Search and Rescue Transponder (SART) may be triggered by any X-Band (3 cm) radar within a range of approximately 8 nm. Each radar pulse received causes it to transmit a response which is swept repetitively across the complete radar frequency band. [. . . ] (RU-9427) Circulator (RC6584S or RC4910S) TR Limiter (TL378A) Pulse Transformer (RT-9273) Motor (109P0824H602) IF Board (03P9335) Transceiver unit RTR-082 (for FAR-2837SW), cover opened AP-44 APPENDIX 4. Longitude Error Table (on 96 nm range scale) The longitude lines concentrate on the north pole and south pole, namely, 1 nm is equivalent to 1 minute at 0 degree latitude, 2 minutes at 60 degrees latitude, 3 minutes at 70 degrees latitude and so on. For example, when own ship is at 60°N and 135°E, even if the cursor indication is 62°N and 139°E, the real cursor position is deviated to the left (west) side. The table below shows the longitude error, represented from 0° to 90° at 96 nm from the radar center (own ship). Real cursor position 62°N Cursor position indicated 60°N 135°E 139°E LAT OS position 96 nm °N Real cursor position R: Error Cursor position indicated E Distance error in direction of longitude due to latitude AP-45 APPENDIX (nm) LAT 5° 10° 15° 20° 25° 30° 35° 40° 45° 75° 0. 2256 0. 4444 0. 6496 0. 8350 0. 8134132 0. 9950 1. 1248 1. 2202 1. 2786 1. 2980 70° 0. 21980213 0. 43290201 0. 632803 0. 96923215 1. 09551918 1. 1884382 1. 24517456 1. 26402037 65° 0. 21229339 0. 41810678 0. 61115946 0. 78556318 0. 93600295 1. 05790007 1. 14755221 1. 20224625 1. 22034042 60° 0. 20316898 0. 40012949 0. 58486463 0. 75173456 0. 89565021 1. 0122297 1. 09793265 1. 15016811 1. 16737294 55° 0. 19249832 0. 37910698 0. 55411863 0. 71218478 0. 84848102 0. 95885565 1. 03998717 1. 08933651 1. 10552105 50° 0. 18036264 0. 35519924 0. 51915545 0. 66721485 0. 79485438 0. 89818413 0. 97406698 1. 02021439 1. 03525547 45° 0. 16685429 0. 32858822 0. 48024119 0. 61716701 0. 73517843 0. 83067689 0. 90076355 0. 94332783 0. 95711098 40° 0. 15207608 0. 29947644 0. 437672 30° 0. 11916876 0. 2346542 0. 3428901 0. 56242216 0. 66990732 0. 7568477 0. 82060477 0. 85926197 0. 87168229 0. 67220131 0. 68162348 35° 0. 13614047 0. 26808546 0. 39177186 0. 53339693 0. 59953781 0. 67725844 0. 73420069 0. 76865661 0. 77961957 0. 44054055 0. 52460545 0. 59251483 0. 6422089 25° 0. 10129001 0. 19943707 0. 29139874 0. 37433139 0. 44568053 0. 50326182 0. 54532952 0. 57063015 0. 57843983 20° 0. 08264056 0. 16270211 0. 23768966 0. 30527334 0. 36336372 0. 41017869 0. 44429984 0. 46471615 0. 47085389 15° 0. 06336208 0. 12472888 0. 18217162 0. 23389198 0. 27828148 0. 31397386 0. 33988878 0. 35526538 0. 35968447 10° 0. 04360137 0. 0858064 0° 0. 00323737 0. 0063035 0. 12526714 0. 16073056 0. 19108136 0. 21537949 0. 23289096 0. 24311083 0. 24577764 0. 08634588 0. 10242699 0. 11514595 0. 1241207 0. 12910605 0. 13000029 0. 0141187 0. 01323356 0. 00903844 0. 01130406 0. 01299309 0. 01403609 0. 0144058 5° 0. 02350833 0. 04623087 0. 0674093 (nm) LAT 50° 55° 60° 65° 70° 75° 80° 85° 90° 75° 1. 2780 1. 2192 1. 1233 0. 9933 0. 8332 0. 6479 0. 4431 0. 2249 0 70° 1. 24442563 1. 18701379 1. 09356117 0. 96694117 0. 81103484 0. 3061092 0. 43117887 0. 21881975 0 0. 20171772 0 65° 1. 20131324 1. 14577786 1. 05546143 0. 93315023 0. 78260251 0. 60843159 0. 41596331 0. 21107193 0 60° 1. 14905813 1. 09582188 1. 00932899 0. 89225746 0. 74821409 0. 58162173 0. 397582 50° 1. 0187708 55° 1. 08805799 1. 03752602 0. 95551494 0. 84457408 0. 70813132 0. 55038538 0. 37617487 0. 19082831 0 0. 97133397 0. 89442885 0. 79046297 0. 66265924 0. 51496026 0. 35190481 0. 17848659 0 45° 0. 94174265 0. 89774948 0. 82653562 0. 73033596 0. 61214392 0. 47561599 0. 32495654 0. 16478648 0 40° 0. 85754099 0. 81733258 0. 75235195 0. 66465066 0. 55696981 0. 43265198 0. 29553516 0. 14983224 0 35° 0. 76681293 0. 73069528 0. 63744242 0. 59390696 0. 49755683 0. 38639524 0. 26386458 0. 13373769 0 30° 0. 67024897 0. 63849695 0. 58741521 0. 51864327 0. 43435714 0. 33719779 0. 23018583 0. 11662531 0 25° 0. 568584 0. 54143927 0. 49791741 0. 43943239 0. 36785173 0. 28543407 0. 19475522 0. 09862535 0 0. 30826343 0. 2716059 0. 22696965 0. 17580013 0. 11972833 0. 06051633 0 0. 08070304 0. 0406973 0 20° 0. 46259176 0. 44026091 0. 40463016 0. 35687717 0. 29854675 0. 23149802 0. 15784242 0. 07987479 0 15° 0. 35307892 0. 3357319 10° 0. 2487894 0. 22864776 0. 20955062 0. 18426754 0. 15366517 0. 1187643 5° 0. 12684572 0. 11982348 0. 10624302 0. 09552679 0. 0791912 0° 0. 01184713 0. 01008727 0. 008104 0. 04106355 0. 04106355 0. 02056855 0 0. 00605903 0. 00411455 0. 00111154 0. 00111154 0. 00028325 0 AP-46 INDEX 2 2 -trace echo rejector. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-73 nd A A/C RAIN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-31 A/C RAIN adjustment method. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-30 A/C SEA adjustment automatic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-29 manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-28 method. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-28 A/C SEA box. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-28 AIS activating targets. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4 AIS DISP box. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3 combining AIS with ARPA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-14 controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1 detailed target data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-7 disabling. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2 enabling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2 fusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-14 lost target . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-12 messages, alarm messages. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-18 messages, automatically displaying. . . . . . 4-18 past position display attributes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-11 past position display interval . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-10 past position display points. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-10 received messages, manually viewing. . 4-17 ROT setting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-13 sleeping targets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5 sleeping targets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5 symbol brilliance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-8 symbol color. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-9 symbol size. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-9 system messages. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-16 target data. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-6 turning on/off. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3 AIS DISP box. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3 ALARM ACK box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [. . . ]